Last Updated on 2024-10-09 by Clay
Locust 是一個開源的壓力測試工具，它能幫助我們模擬大量使用者對 Web 應用、API 服務進行負載測試；與傳統的壓力測試工具相比，Locust 具有可客製化、可擴展的優勢 —— 簡單來說，它支持 Python 作為腳本語言，根據我們 API 或網頁服務的不同應用場景來寫測試。
（可選）使用 FastAPI 開幾個模擬的 API 服務
如果我們要使用 Python 開啟幾個 FastAPI 服務，首先需要安裝套件：
pip install fastapi unicorn[standard]接著就可以寫幾個模擬的 API 服務：
from fastapi import FastAPI, HTTPException
app = FastAPI()
@app.get("/api/home")
async def home():
return {"message": "Welcome to the homepage!"}
@app.get("/api/about")
async def about():
return {"message": "About page content."}
@app.post("/api/contact")
async def contact_form(name: str, email: str):
if not name or not email:
raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="Name and email are required.")
return {"message": f"Form submitted with name: {name} and email: {email}"}
接著啟動我們的服務：
uvicorn app:app --reload
Output:
INFO: Will watch for changes in these directories: ['/home/clay/Projects/Locust-Testing']
INFO: Uvicorn running on http://127.0.0.1:8000 (Press CTRL+C to quit)
INFO: Started reloader process [36647] using WatchFiles
INFO: Started server process [36649]
INFO: Waiting for application startup.
INFO: Application startup complete.
這樣一來，我們準備的三個 API 服務就完成了。
使用 Locust 做壓力測試
首先安裝 locust。
pip3 install locust接著寫下測試的腳本設定檔 locust_test.py：
from locust import HttpUser, task, between
class WebsiteUser(HttpUser):
wait_time = between(1, 3)
host = "http://127.0.0.1:8000"
@task(3)
def load_homepage(self):
self.client.get("/api/home")
@task(2)
def load_about_page(self):
self.client.get("/api/about")
@task(1)
def submit_contact_form(self):
self.client.post("/api/contact", data={"name": "John", "email": "[email protected]"})
locust -f locust_test.py
Output:
[2024-10-09 22:48:11,553] notebook/INFO/locust.main: Starting Locust 2.31.8
[2024-10-09 22:48:11,554] notebook/INFO/locust.main: Starting web interface at http://0.0.0.0:8089
Output:
