You are given a 0-indexed array nums consisting of positive integers.
There are two types of operations that you can apply on the array any number of times:
Read More »LeetCode: 2870-Minimum Number of Operations to Make Array Empty 解題紀錄
DPO（Direct Preference Optimization, 直接偏好優化）是一種取代 RLHF（Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback, 基於人類反饋的強化學習）的微調方式。眾所皆知，大型語言模型在經過非監督式學習後能夠學習到大量的知識與理解能力（有些研究者認為是『壓縮並保存』了知識在神經網路權重中）；在監督式學習後學會了流暢地回應我們的問題，或者說是學會了『對話』的能力。
Read More »Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) 訓練方法筆記
今天當我在一台新的 Linux 筆電上想要安裝 pyaudio（Python 中經常用於錄音的套件）時，我遇到了之前沒有遇過的錯誤：
Read More »[已解決] fatal error: portaudio.h: No such file or directory 9 | #include “portaudio.h” | ^~~~~~~~~~~~~ compilation terminatedGiven n points on a 2D plane where points[i] = [xi, yi], Return the widest vertical area between two points such that no points are inside the area.
You are given an integer array prices representing the prices of various chocolates in a store. You are also given a single integer money, which represents your initial amount of money.
An image smoother is a filter of the size 3 x 3 that can be applied to each cell of an image by rounding down the average of the cell and the eight surrounding cells (i.e., the average of the nine cells in the blue smoother). If one or more of the surrounding cells of a cell is not present, we do not consider it in the average (i.e., the average of the four cells in the red smoother).
IPython 是一個提供互動式運算的系統，可以在各種 shell 跟視覺化界面整合在一起；比方說我們可以透過終端機使用 ipython（前題是這個模組有裝）、或是使用如 VS Code 和 PyCharm 這類的圖形化界面編輯器/IDE。
Given two strings s and t, return true if t is an anagram of s, and false otherwise.
You are given the array paths, where paths[i] = [cityAi, cityBi] means there exists a direct path going from cityAi to cityBi. Return the destination city, that is, the city without any path outgoing to another city.
